02
Optimistic Virtual Machine
State transitions represent the changes within the EVM that occur
with every transaction. To prevent off-chain invalid state
transitions, which could cause incorrect transactions when
returning to Layer 1, Optimism introduced the OVM. This ensures
that Layer 2 inherits the security protocols of the EVM and
maintains the integrity of Layer 1.
The OVM handles smart contract execution on the layer-2 chain,
running them "optimistically" (assuming they are correct without
immediate verification).